Prairie and savanna are bouncing back in Oakland Township! We have received several “Partners for Fish and Wildlife” grants from the US Fish and Wildlife Service to plant old farm fields at Blue Heron Environmental Area, Charles Ilsley Park, Draper Twin Lake Park , Gallagher Creek Park, Stony Creek Ravine Nature Park, and Watershed Ridge Park with native prairie species. Non-native invasive shrubs such as autumn olive and multiflora rose had taken over many of these fields. We want to replace these plants that have little value for wildlife habitat with high-quality native vegetation that will be beautiful, help native insects and pollinators, attract grassland birds, and help us learn about what much of Oakland Township used to look like. Read on to learn more about this opportunity, and check out the maps below to see where the restoration work is happening.

Why Prairie in Michigan? Did We Used to Have Prairie Here?

When we think about prairie, we usually think of the Great Plains and the vast expanses of grassland where buffalo roamed and cowboys rode. But grasslands used be widespread in our area of Michigan! Around 1800, prairie and oak barrens covered about 67% of Oakland Township, making our township a special area in Michigan. Oak barrens have widely spaced black and white oaks, with prairie plants in open, sunny areas and woodland plants in partially shaded areas. Prairie and oak barrens are fire-dependent, which means that they need to be maintained by frequent, low-intensity fire to keep trees from establishing and shading out the sun-loving prairie plants. As Oakland Township was developed, nearly all of our oak barrens and prairies were lost. Some were plowed because they didn’t have many trees, and other disappeared because the fire they needed to survive never came.

In the early 1800s, the United States federal government commissioned land surveys, primarily to document economically important natural resources. At each section corner in the township, the surveyors made field notes which included locations of lakes, rivers, and streams, and the quantity and quality of timber resources. From these field notes, soil maps, and geology maps, biologists did their best to re-construct what plant communities were present before the area was settled. You can click here to learn more about circa 1800 vegetation maps (interactive map from Michigan Natural Features Inventory).

Do we have any prairie left in Oakland Township?

We do have a few pockets of prairie left in the township, mostly along the Paint Creek Trail. The sparks from the railroad lit fires that burned through the prairie grasses. We find many interesting prairie plants and insects in these areas, but most of them just barely hanging on. Trees are slowly shading them out, the open patches are becoming smaller and smaller, and the prairie life that depends on sunlight is disappearing. Since prairies are part of our natural heritage, it is important to do what we can to protect and maintain these prairie pockets. One of the finest examples is the Paint Creek Heritage Area – Wet Prairie just north of Silverbell Road.

What Do the Prairie Plantings Look Like?

Planting a prairie is like a planting a tree: it takes a while for the prairie to “grow up.” After we remove the existing plants, the fields will be seeded with a mix of native prairie species. The first two years after planting, the prairie plants will be small above-ground as they use most of their energy to grow roots. After the third year prairie plants will become more obvious and you will begin to notice soft pink blossoms of Carolina rose in early summer, orange butterfly milkweed lending a mid-summer splash, purple spikes of rough blazing-star providing fall color, and iconic grasses such as big bluestem and little bluestem swaying in the wind on the hillsides. As the prairie matures, we hope that grassland birds, such as meadowlarks, dickcissels, and bobolinks will discover our prairie.

Updates

• August 2014 – USFWS Partners for Fish and Wildlife Award Announcement
• September 2014 – Preparing an Area for Prairie Restoration
• October 2014 – Seed Collecting
• November 2015 – Restoring the Prairie Remnant at Gallagher Rd Parking Area
• March 2015 – Review of “Prairies of Oakland Township” talk
• November 2015 – Planting Prairies: Oakland Township Restores its Natural Heritage
• August 2018 – Draper Twin lake Park Prairie Update
• July 2020 – Walk Through Charles Ilsley Park Prairie Plantings
• October 2021 – Draper Twin Lake Park Prairie Update
• May 2022 – Wildlife Using Wetland and Prairie Restoration Areas
• August 2022 – Wonderful Plant at Paint Creek Heritage Area – Wet Prairie
• January 2023 – Remnant Prairie Restoration at Paint Creek Heritage Area – Wet Prairie

How can I get involved?

We have seeds and soil, but we need you to help us establish our prairie! You can help the prairie thrive by collecting native plant seeds at a stewardship workday, assisting with site preparation, and helping with prairie maintenance after planting. No special experience necessary! Contact Natural Areas Stewardship Manager Ben VanderWeide for more information. To learn more about the Partners for Fish and Wildlife program, visit http://www.fws.gov/midwest/partners/.